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Tourism in Translation: A Survey of the English Translation of Cultural Specific Items in Tourism Texts in the Scope of Skopos Theory; A Case-Study of East Azerbaijan English Tourism Texts

Name: Tourism in Translation: A Survey of the English Translation of Cultural Specific Items in Tourism Texts in the Scope of Skopos Theory; A Case-Study of East Azerbaijan English Tourism Texts
SKU: 21194
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Department of English Translation

A Thesis of M.A. in English Translation

تعداد178 صفحه در فایل word

Tourism in Translation: A Survey of the English Translation of Cultural Specific Items in Tourism Texts in the Scope of Skopos Theory; A Case-Study of East Azerbaijan English Tourism Texts

Different societies have different cultures as well as different languages. Their cultures influence their languages and their views of the world. Due to this relation, the translator should take the culture of two languages into consideration in translating and have a good knowledge of cultural specific items of two languages. Tourism texts are rich sources of cultural specific items. These texts are prepared to introduce foreign visitors to a country. It seems that the Skopos theory would be a better method to translate cultural specific items of the tourism guidebooks. In this study, the book “Tabriz and The Region Around” (Polat, 2014 tr. Bagheri Hamidi) was selected to provide a detailed comparative analysis of the Persian-English translation of cultural specific items in the scope of ‘Skopos theory’. To achieve this aim, 4689 cultural specific items (2128 individual items) extracted from the book were classified on the basis of Newmark’s and Chung ling’s categorizations. Then Venuti’s dichotomy of Domestication and Foreignization was used as a benchmark for applying ‘Skopos theory’. Finally, the translations of cultural specific items were analyzed based on Wodak’s critical discourse analysis model. The results of this study showed that in the scope of ‘Skopos theory’, ‘Domestication strategy’ has been used in translating cultural specific items to understand foreign readers and to create the same effect. Furthermore, a combination of the strategies reinforced with explanations, explicitation and assimilation has been repeatedly used in translating cultural specific items, where there is no suitable equivalent for some parts of a combination of words. The results of critical discourse analysis showed that in the scope of ‘Skopos theory’, ‘Referential strategy’, ‘Strategy of predication’ and ‘Strategy of perspectivization’ have been used to convey the meaning of a word when a combination of Venuti’s dichotomy was applied. At discourse level, the translator has chosen “The linguistic construction of homo Austriacus”, “The narration and confabulation of a common political past” and “Constructive strategy” when he applied ‘Domestication strategy’ in translating CSIs. The results of this study can be very useful for the translators and they can be used by the directors of the Organizations which manage the tourism activities.

Key words: Translation, Tabriz and the Region Around, cultural specific items, Skopos theory, Wodak’s critical discourse analysis model

دسته: زبان خارجه, زبان خارجه برچسب: cultural specific items, Key words : Translation, Skopos theory, Tabriz and the Region Around, Wodak’s critical discourse analysis model

توضیحات

Table of Content

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTIOIN

1.1. Overview 2

1.2.Statement of the Problem3

1.3. Significance of the Study3

1.4. Purpose (Objectives) of the Study4

1.5. Research questions4

1.6. Research hypothesis5

1.7. Definition of Key Terms5

1.8. Limitations and Delimitations of the Study6

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE

2.1. Overview8

2.2. Translation9

2.3. The History of ‘Translation Studies’11

2.4. Culture16

2.5. On the Importance of Culture in Translation17

2.6. Cultural-Specific Items and Concepts18

2.7. Cultural-Specific Items Categories19

2.7.1. Nataša Pavlović and Darko Poslek20

2.7.2. Thriveni22

2.7.3. Vermeer23

2.7.4. Espindola and Vasconcellos24

2.7.5. Shih Chung-Ling 26

2.7.6. Newmark27

2.8. Translation Strategies28

2.9. Strategies Applied in Translating CSIs29

2.9.1. Translation Strategies Proposed by Newmark29

2.9.2. Translation Strategies Proposed by Aixela31

2.9.3. Translation Strategies Proposed by Hervey & Higgins33

2.9.4. Translation Strategies Proposed by Pedersen33

2.9.5. Translation Strategies Proposed by Venuti36

2.10. Cultural Difference between Two Languages37

2.11. Cultural Awareness of the Translator38

2.12. The Skopos Theory38

2.13. Domestication and Foreignization45

2.14. Tourism Texts47

2.15. Translation of CSIs in Tourism Texts 50

2.16. Some Related Literatures 51

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1. Overview54

3.2. Corpus of the Study54

3.3. Theoretical Framework55

3.3.1. Wodak’s discourse-historical model of CDA57

3.4. Procedure63

3.5. Design 63

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1. Overview66

4.2. Categorization of Extracted CSIs66

4.3. Analysis of CSIs69

4.3.1. Sample 1: Literacy corps69

4.3.2. Sample 2: East Azerbaijan Province70

4.3.3. Sample 3: Einaly Mountain72

4.3.4. Sample 4: Camel-thorn Trees73

4.3.5. Sample 5: Pigeon Cave73

4.3.6. Sample 6: Arasbaran Protected Area74

4.3.7. Sample 7: Aji Chai river75

4.3.8. Sample 8: Eish Abad Waterfall76

4.3.9. Sample 9: Kandovan Mineral Water77

4.3.10. Sample 10: Needlework78

4.3.11. Sample 11: Dehqan Class79

4.3.12. Sample 12: Gonga Bashi80

4.3.13. Sample 13: The Qajar Crown Prince81

4.3.14. Sample 14: Iranian Constitutional Revolution82

4.3.15. Sample 15: East Azerbaijan Governor83

4.3.16. Sample 16: The Battle of Chalderan84

4.3.17. Sample 17: The White Revolution85

4.3.18. Sample 18: Tobacco Protest86

4.3.19. Sample 19: Illuminationalism87

4.3.20. Sample 20: Anahita88

4.3.21. Sample 21: The Gharmatian 89

4.3.22. Sample 22: Noruz 90

4.3.23. Sample 23: Babak Fort or Babak Castle90

4.3.24. Sample 24: Iron Age Museum91

4.3.25. Sample 25: Blue Mosque92

4.3.26. Sample 26: Anonymous Martyrs Monument93

4.3.27. Sample 27: The Poets’ Corner94

4.3.28. Sample 28: The newspaper “Faryad”95

4.3.29. Sample 29: Yahya Advice Book96

4.3.30. Sample 30: The Long Poem “Heydar Baba Ya Salam”97

4.3.31. Sample 31: “A Brief History of Lion and Sun”98

4.3.32. Sample 32: Behnam House99

4.3.33. Sample 33: Fire Fighting Tower100

4.3.34. Sample 34: Shah Abbasi Flora design101

4.3.35. Sample 35: Kuzeh102

4.3.36. Sample 36: Dolmeh103

4.3.37. Sample 37: Mohammad Hossein Shahryar104

4.3.38. Sample 38: Shah Neshin104

4.3.39. Sample 39: The Qara Qoyunlu Tribes105

4.3.40. Sample 40: The Roshdiyeh School105

4.4. Results and Discussion107

CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION, IMPLICATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH

5.1. Conclusion110

5.2. Implications112

5.3. Suggestions for further research112

References114

Appendices123

Appendix A123

Appendix B169

Persian Abstract172

List of Tables

Table (3-1): The CSI categories proposed by Newmark (1988) and Chung-Ling (2010)55

Table (3-2): Two applied levels of Wodak’s model for critical discourse analysis in this study62

Table (4-1): The number and percentage of the individual extracted CSIs68

List of Figures

Figure (4-1): The individual extracted CSIs68

Figure (4-2): The used strategy in 40 studied items