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On the Effect of Contextual Clues on Reading Comprehension of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners

Name: On the Effect of Contextual Clues on Reading Comprehension of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners
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تعداد116 صفحه در فایل word

Department of English Language

A Thesis M.A. in Teaching English as a Foreign Language

On the Effect of Contextual Clues on Reading Comprehension of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners

Abstract

The present study investigated the effect of contextual clues on Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ reading comprehension ability. This study tried to determine the extent to which awareness raising along with efficient amount of practice of use of contextual clues as a critical reading strategy affects the reading ability of Iranian Intermediate learners. To answer this question, 60 Intermediate language learners in Simin English Institute in Ramsar were randomly selected via administration of a PET exam to 300 language learners. Then, they were divided into three groups of 20 participants. Participants in the experimental groups were instructed to use the contextual clues as margins of the texts they were supposed to read. One experimental group used clues as synonyms of the new vocabulary items and the other had definition of the vocabulary items in margin. In this study the focus was on use of contextual clues to help learners comprehend reading texts. In the control group no treatment has been done and learners received a normal routine of the semester as they always did. They were asked to use the guessing strategy in order to deal with new words. A validated standardized test of reading was administered to all three groups, the papers were assessed carefully. The data retrieved from the groups were analyzed through calculating an ANOVA test. The results indicated that, Although the mean difference was statistically significant, the experimental group scored a little higher than control group in the posttest but they were not different in terms of effect on reading ability of participants.

دسته: زبان خارجه, زبان خارجه برچسب: On the Effect of Contextual Clues on Reading Comprehension of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners

توضیحات

Title Page

Dedication…. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. i

Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………………………… ii

Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………………………………. iii

List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. vi

List of Abbreviations ……………………………………………………………….. vii

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. viii

Chapter I: Introduction

1.0. Introduction. 1

1.1. Statement of the Problem.. 4

1.2. Significance of the Study. 7

1.3. Purpose of the Study. 9

1.4. Research Question. 10

1.5. Research Hypothesis. 10

1.6. Definitions of Key Terms. 10

1.7. Summary. 11

Chapter II: Literature Review

2.0 Introduction. 12

2.1 Research on Contextual Clues. 15

2.2 Vocabulary Studies. 22

2.3 Research on Reading Comprehension. 33

2.4 Research in the Iranian EFL Context 44

2.5. Summary. 46

Chapter III: methodology

3.0 Introduction. 47

3.1. The Pilot Study. 47

3.2. The Design of the Study. 49

3.3. Participants. 49

3.4. Data Collection Instruments. 50

3.4.1. Preliminary English Test 50

3.4.2. Content of PET.. 51

3.4.3. Level of PET.. 53

3.4.4. The Aims and Objectives of PET.. 53

3.5. Data Collection Procedures. 55

3.6. Analysis of Pretest Scores. 56

3.7. Methods of Analyzing Data. 59

3.8. Summary. 59

Chapter IV : Results

4.0 Introduction. 61

4.1 Analysis of Posttest Scores of Experimental and Control Groups. 62

4.2 Results of Hypothesis Testing. 66

4.3 Summary. 67

Chapter V: Discusssion

5.0. Introduction. 68

5.1. General Discussion. 68

5.2. Pedagogical Implications. 70

5.3. Limitations and Delimitations of the Study. 71

5.4. Suggestions for Further Research. 72

5.5. Summary………………………………………….……………………………… 73

References……………………………………………………………………………. 74

Appendixes…………………………………………………………………………… 79

List of Tables

Title Page

Table 3.1. Examining of the Instruments Using Cronbach’s Alpha………………	48
Table 3.2. Test of Homogeneity of Variance……………………………………..	55
Table 3.3. Statistics of control and Experimental Groups Performance on Pretest………………………………………………………………………………	57
Table 3.4. ANOVA Analysis Between the Scores of Control and Experimental Group in Pretest…………………………………………………………………	57
Table 3.5. The Table of Confidence Interval……………………………………………………	58
Table 4.1. Descriptive Statistics for Posttest …………….………………………..	63
Table 4.2. Levene‘s Test of Equality Variances………………………..……………	63

Table 4.3. Tests of Between-Subject Effects ………………………………………. 64

Table 4.4. The Scheffe’s Test………………………………………………………… 65

Table 4.5. Homogeneous Subsets……………………………………………………… 65

On the Effect of Contextual Clues on Reading Comprehension of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners

تعداد116 صفحه در فایل word

Department of English Language

A Thesis M.A. in Teaching English as a Foreign Language

On the Effect of Contextual Clues on Reading Comprehension of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners

Abstract

Title Page

Dedication…. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. i

Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………………………… ii

Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………………………………. iii

List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. vi

List of Abbreviations ……………………………………………………………….. vii

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. viii

Chapter I: Introduction

Chapter III: methodology

References……………………………………………………………………………. 74

Appendixes…………………………………………………………………………… 79

List of Tables

Title Page

Table 3.1. Examining of the Instruments Using Cronbach’s Alpha………………

48

Table 3.2. Test of Homogeneity of Variance……………………………………..

55

Table 3.3. Statistics of control and Experimental Groups Performance on Pretest………………………………………………………………………………

57

Table 3.4. ANOVA Analysis Between the Scores of Control and Experimental Group in Pretest…………………………………………………………………

57

Table 3.5. The Table of Confidence Interval……………………………………………………

58

Table 4.1. Descriptive Statistics for Posttest …………….………………………..

63

Table 4.2. Levene‘s Test of Equality Variances………………………..……………

63

Table 4.3. Tests of Between-Subject Effects ………………………………………. 64

Table 4.4. The Scheffe’s Test………………………………………………………… 65

Table 4.5. Homogeneous Subsets……………………………………………………… 65

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