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THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG IRABIAN EFL STUDENTS’ GENDER-ORIENTED CONTENT FAMILIARITY, MOTIVATION FOR READING, AND READING COMPREHENSION PERFORMANCE

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M.A Thesis in Teaching English as a Foreign Language – TEFL

THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG IRABIAN EFL STUDENTS’ GENDER-ORIENTED CONTENT FAMILIARITY, MOTIVATION FOR READING, AND READING COMPREHENSION PERFORMANCE

Abstract

 

The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship among Iranian EFL students’ gender-oriented content familiarity, motivation for reading, and reading comprehension performance. To this aim, 70 Iranian EFL learners (male and female) took part in the study. They were Persian native speakers studying English as a foreign language at Zand University in Shiraz. The sample was selected among freshman and sophomore students ranging in their twenties.  Three instruments, namely, Oxford Quick Placement Test (OPT), Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ), and a reading comprehension test composed of a male-oriented text, a gender-neutral text, and a female-oriented text were utilized to collect the data necessary for the study. Mixed between-within ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that there is a significant difference between male and female students’ reading comprehension performance. Generally, males outperformed their female counterparts on the gender-oriented texts and the gender-neutral one. This difference was very large especially in the male- oriented text. In the gender-neutral text the difference between males’ and females’ performance was small and in the female-oriented text the difference was negligible. The results also indicated that there is a very small but not significant correlation between reading motivation and reading comprehension.  Moreover, according to the findings, from among eleven aspects of the reading motivation questionnaire, five aspects had effects on reading comprehension. Reading challenge, recognition for reading, and reading for grades had positive and significant correlations with reading comprehension. In addition, social reasons for reading and compliance had negative and significant correlations with reading comprehension. Among these relevant aspects, social reasons for reading had the greatest effect on reading comprehension.

Key Terms: female-oriented texts, gender-neutral texts, male-oriented texts, reading comprehension, reading motivation

 

Content                                                                                                                   Page

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

     1.0.Introduction……………………………………………2

     1.1.Preliminaries……………………………………………… …2

      1.2.Statement of the Problem………………………………… ….6

      1.3.Significance of the Study………………………………… ….6

      1.4.Objectives of the Study and Research Questions…………….7

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

     2.0.Introduction……………………………………………… ….9

     2.1.Gender Differences in Language Learning……………… ….9

     2.2.Gender-Oriented Content Familiarity………………………..12

     2.3.Reading Motivation…………………………………………..20

 

CHAPTER THREE: DESIGN AND METHOD OF THE STUDY

     3.0.Introduction………………………………………………….35

     3.1.Participants……………………………………………………35

     3.2. Instruments…………………………………………………..36

          3.2.1. Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ)……….36

          3.2.2. Oxford Quick placement Test (OPT)………………….38

          3.2.3. The reading Comprehension Test…………………… ..39

     3.3. Procedures for Data Collection and Data Analysis……… …39

 

Content                                                                                   Page   

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

  1. Introduction………………………………………………….42

     4.1. Results………………………………………………………42

          4.1.1. statistical Description of the Collected Data………….42

         4.1.2. The Difference Between Male and Female Students in

          Reading Comprehension Performance……………………….44

          4.1.3. The Correlation Between Reading Motivation and reading

          Comprehension………………………………………………..46

            4.1.4. Predicting the Most Relevant Aspect of Reading

          Motivation to Reading Comprehension……………………….48

     4.2. Discussion……………………………………………………51

CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION

     5.0. Introduction……………………………………………… …56

     5.1. Summary of the Study…………………………………… …56

     5.2. Conclusion………………………………………………… ..58

     5.3. Pedagogical Implications of the study…………………… …59

     5.4. Limitations of the Study………………………………… ….60

     5.5. Suggestions for Further Research………………………… …61

References………………………………………………………………………62

 

Appendices

Appendix A: Reading Motivation Questionnaire………………………71

Appendix B: Oxford Quick Placement Test…………………………….79

Appendix C: The Reading Comprehension Test……………………89

List of Tables

 

Table                                                                                  Page

Table 3.1. The frequency of the participants based on gender………….42

Table 4.1. The mean score of the participants in the general proficiency

 test and in the reading comprehension test…………………………..….43

Table 4.2. Descriptive statistics of males’ performance on the reading

Comprehension test………………………………………………………43

Table 4.3. Descriptive statistics of females’ performance on the reading comprehension test………………………………………………….…….43

Table 4.4. Descriptive statistics of the proficiency score…………………44

Table 4.5. The repeated measures test of the difference between male and female students in reading comprehension performance……………   ….44

Table4.6. The correlation between reading motivation and reading comprehension…………………………………………………………….47

Table 4.7. The multiple regression for determining the most relevant aspects

of reading motivation to reading comprehension……………………..….49

 

List of Figures

 

Figure                                                                                                                              Page   

Figure 4.1. The estimated marginal means of the difference between males

and females in reading comprehension performance………………………45

 

 

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